Heat waves pose serious health risks, and while most people focus on dehydration and heat exhaustion, few consider the impact on eye health as prolonged exposure to extreme heat and intense sunlight can cause both short-term and long-term damage to the eyes.
Dry Eyes and Irritation
High temperatures and low humidity levels during heat waves accelerate tear evaporation, leading to dry eye syndrome. Symptoms include redness, itching, burning, and a gritty feeling in the eyes. Air conditioning, commonly used during heat waves, further exacerbates dryness by reducing indoor humidity.
Increased Risk of Infections
Heat waves often coincide with higher levels of air pollution, dust, and allergens, which can irritate the eyes and increase the risk of infections like conjunctivitis. Bacteria and viruses thrive in hot conditions, making eye infections more common.
UV Damage and Cataracts
Prolonged exposure to ultraviolet (UV) rays during heat waves accelerates damage to the eye’s surface and internal structures. UV exposure is a leading cause of cataracts, which cloud the eye’s lens and impair vision. It also increases the risk of pterygium, a growth on the eye that can obstruct vision.
Risk of Retinal Damage
Heat waves and excessive sun exposure can lead to photokeratitis, a painful condition similar to sunburn but affecting the cornea. Over time, UV exposure may also contribute to macular degeneration, a leading cause of blindness.
Prevention Tip
- Wear UV-protective sunglasses and wide-brimmed hats.
- Stay hydrated to maintain tear production.
- Use lubricating eye drops to prevent dryness.
- Limit direct sun exposure during peak hours.
Protecting your eyes during heat waves is just as important as protecting your skin. Simple precautions can prevent lasting damage and keep your vision healthy.
